Thursday, 18 September 2014
Q 1.1: What are the main three purposes of Operating System (OS) ?
Q 1.1: What are the
main three purposes of Operating System (OS) ?
Ans:
A:The Hardware
B:User View:
C:System View:
A:The Hardware
The hardware—the
central processing unit (CPU), the memory, and the
input/output (I/O)
devices—provides the basic computing resources for the
system. The application
programs—such as word processors, spreadsheets,
compilers, and web
browsers—define the ways in which these resources are
used to solve users'
computing problems. The operating system controls and
coordinates the use of
the hardware among the various application programs
for the various users
b:User View:
The user's view of the
computer varies according to the interface being
used. Most computer
users sit in front of a PC, consisting of a monitor,
keyboard, mouse, and
system unit. Such a system is designed for one user
to monopolize its
resources. The goal is to maximize the work (or play)
that the user is
performing. In this case, the operating system is designed
mostly for ease of use,
with some attention paid to performance and none
paid to resource
utilization—how various hardware and software resources
are shared. Performance
is, of course, important to the user; but rather than
resource utilization,
such systems are optimized for the single-user experience.
Some computers have
little or no user view. For example, embedded
computers in home
devices and automobiles may have numeric keypads and
may turn indicator
lights on or off to show status, but they and their operating
systems are designed
primarily to run without user intervention.
C:System View:
From the comput e r 's point of view, the operating
system is the program
most intimately
involved with the hardware. In this context, we can view
an operating system as
a resource allocator. A computer system has many
resources that may be
required to solve a problem: CPU time, memory space,
file-storage space, I/O
devices, and so on.
A slightly different
view of an operating system emphasizes the need to
control the various I/O
devices and user programs. An operating system is a
control program. A
control program manages the execution of user programs
to prevent errors and
improper use of the computer. It is especially concerned
with the operation and
control of I/O devices
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